The San Tan Chapter formed in May 2008 and was formally chartered as a member of The Arizona Archaeological Society on October 4, 2008. The Arizona Archaeological Society is an independent nonprofit corporation. Members are eligible to participate in field trips, excavations, surveys, lab work, and other areas of archaeological interest. Each member also receives a copy of the annual publication of the Society, The Arizona Archaeologist, together with the monthly newsletter, The Petroglyph. The San Tan Chapter meets at 7 PM, the second Wednesday of each month September through May, at the San Tan Historical Museum located at 20435 S Old Ellsworth Rd, Queen Creek 85142. Monthly meetings are free and open to the public.
We encourage you to pay membership fees directly to the San Tan Chapter by check or cash. This enables the STC to receive its portion of the dues in a timely manner. Fees are used for guest speakers, group activities, and our annual potluck.
Click here for Membership Form
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March 2021 Is Archaeology Month and Pueblo Grande Museum will have a Virtual Ancient Technology Day. The S.A.L.T. group will participate.
This is an on-line event featuring short talks and demonstrations by guest speakers on topics such as projectile point production, stone jewelry manufacturing, friction fire starting, the importance of parrots to the ancestors, adobe brick construction, and agave roasting. The Virtual Ancient Technology Day will be presented to the public as a YouTube video on March 13th in celebration of archaeology month.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fUbdU-JU3u0
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WE'RE GETTING CLOSER BUT WHILE WE WAIT, ENJOY SOME OF THESE TIDBITS
"Here's Why Our Brains Solve Problems by Adding Things, Not Removing"
"Dirt Cheap: A Conversation with Adobe Brick Maker David Yubeta"
https://borderlore.org/dirt-cheap-a-conversation-with-adobe-brick-maker-david-yubeta/
"Native plants become Native art. What happens when they're gone?"
"Archaeologic finds in Mesa, Tempe connect the history of O'odham peoples' history to present day"
"30 NASA Inventions We Still Use Everyday"
https://247wallst.com/special-report/2021/03/18/30-nasa-inventions-we-still-use-everyday/
"6 Things to Know About NASA’s Ingenuity Mars Helicopter on Its Way to Mars"
https://scitechdaily.com/6-things-to-know-about-nasas-ingenuity-mars-helicopter-on-its-way-to-mars/
"Four Signs You Have Emotional Intelligence"
https://www.iflscience.com/editors-blog/four-signs-you-have-emotional-intelligence/
"These Are 7 of The Strangest Experiments Humans Have Ever Done in Space"
https://www.sciencealert.com/wild-space-experiments-conducted-by-humans
"6 Fun Riddles for You to Solve and Enjoy"
https://didyouknowfacts.com/6-riddles-from-twitter-meant-to-tease-your-brain/
"Boggle Your Brain With The Best Illusion Of The Year Contest 2020"
https://www.iflscience.com/brain/boggle-your-brain-with-the-best-illusion-of-the-year-contest-2020/
"800-YEAR-OLD PUEBLO INDIAN BLANKET MADE OUT OF 11,500 TURKEY FEATHERS"
https://archaeology-world.com/800-year-old-pueblo-indian-blanket-made-out-of-11500-turkey-feathers/
"Native American Turquoise Jewelry Through History and Today"
"The Hidden Color Code in Mimbres Pottery"
https://www.sapiens.org/archaeology/mimbres-pottery-color/
"Mary Weahkee makes a turkey feather blanket"
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6L4qRn3RIDc
"Making a Basket from PINE NEEDLES"
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YfWoYF2Kfg8
"18 Random but Interesting Maps of America"
https://didyouknowfacts.com/18-random-but-interesting-maps-of-america/
"Geoscientists discover Ancestral Puebloans survived from ice melt in New Mexico lava tubes"
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2020/11/201118080741.htm
"The life and death of one of America’s most mysterious trees
The north wall and room block of Pueblo Bonito, the largest of the great houses in Chaco Canyon. Pueblo Bonito is considered widely as the center of the Chaco world. CREDIT Thomas Swetnam "
"Astronauts have conducted nearly 3,000 science experiments aboard the ISS
https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-03085-8
"Researchers Unlock Secrets of the Past with New International Carbon Dating Standard
The new and improved tool will allow scientists to learn more about ancient civilizations, the past environment and even the history of the sun."
"Meet Skybalonyx skapter, the newest prehistoric reptile to be found in Arizona"
"Scientists Analysed Twinkies Kept in a Basement For 8 Years, And Got a Surprise"
Which dinosaur roamed in your neighborhood ?
https://dinosaurpictures.org/ancient-earth#170
"Interactive Map Shows Which Tribal Land You’re Living On"
' “For example, if you put in The White House, you’ll see that America’s most famous residence sits on land that belonged to the Anacostan and Piscataway tribes. Jumping to the other coast, you’ll find that California’s iconic Hollywood Sign is on land that belonged to the Chumash, Tongva and Kizh people.” '
https://www.simplemost.com/interactive-map-shows-which-tribal-land-you-live/
" Navajo Code Talker Samuel F. Sandoval talks about 'making a Navajo code' "
Potato Travelogue : A month-long journey into the flavors and traditions of Peru’s favorite food
https://emergencemagazine.org/story/papas-nativas/
The Hunt by Sanjay Rawal with A-dae Romero-Briones
"This short film The Hunt, by Sanjay Rawal, follows two characters from his feature film Gather—Chef Nephi Craig of the White Mountain Apache Nation and master forager Twila Cassadore of the San Carlos Apache Nation—as they work with Indigenous foodways to promote processes of healing and recovery from historical trauma. The following op-ed written by Sanjay and the film’s executive producer A-dae Romero-Briones (Cochiti/Kiowa) emphasizes the power of strengthening traditions and relationships with the land."
https://emergencemagazine.org/story/the-hunt/
"University of Arizona archaeologists discover secrets of ancient past"
https://www.kold.com/2020/06/10/university-arizona-archaeologists-discover-secrets-ancient-past/
Article written by Dr. Takeshi Inomata Professor of Anthropology University of Arizona :
Monumental architecture at Aguada Fรฉnix and the rise of Maya civilization
"Giant 2,000-Year-Old Cat Is Newly Discovered Addition To Peru’s Nazca Lines"
Melting Alpine Glaciers Yield Archaeologic Troves, but Clock Ticking
Educational Resources | New Mexico Office of Archaeological Studies
"how to make a bow" , "how to make an arrow"
http://nmarchaeology.org/education-outreach/educational-resources.html
" The Final Passage -- Your journey to the 36,000 year old Chauvet painted cave begins now
Free viewings offered to you by the Filmmakers, the Rock Art Network and all the Friends of the Film "
{ The Mind In The Cave book provides solid analysis of the mysterious cave paintings }
https://www.missingmatter.info/tara-expo
"Two Surgeries, 800 Years Apart"
https://www.sapiens.org/column/curiosities/ancient-surgery/
"Wildfire Archaeology and the Burning American West"
https://www.sapiens.org/column/curiosities/wildfire-archaeology/
"Whoa: This Is What Happens to Your Body When You Drink Enough Water"
ARIZONA MEMORY PROJECT -- Use of potsherds in an archaeological survey in the Southwest
https://azmemory.azlibrary.gov/digital/collection/medallion/id/809/rec/8
"What a Basket Can Hold --A Tohono O’odham contemporary basket weaver on facing the climate crisis "
https://borderlore.org/what-a-basket-can-hold/
"What Are We Going to Weave With -- An Akimel O’odham basketweaver on how a changing climate is impacting plant materials
https://borderlore.org/what-are-we-going-to-weave-with/
Excellent Site containing short videos to Learn about : Yucca Plant (Takwi) Harvesting, Saguaro Harvesting, Basket Weaving, Mesquite Bean Harvesting, Prickly Pear Harvesting
https://www.facebook.com/tucsonindiancenter/
"The Archaeology of Those Weird Metal Things That Open Your Soda Can"
https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/archaeology-of-cans
"Sometimes Trash Is Treasured in America’s National Parks"
https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/historic-trash-national-parks
Junior Ranger Archaeology Program
https://www.nps.gov/articles/junior-ranger-archeology-program.htm
From Arizona Archaeological and Historical Society (AAHS) -Emil W. Haury AAHS Roots of Southwestern Archaeology
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ru36myaje24
Pottery Southwest -- "Experimental Archaeology for Ceramics in the American Southwest" -Andy Ward
https://potterysouthwest.unm.edu/PDFs/PSW-35-3-4.pdf
"Non-tobacco plant identified in ancient pipe for first time"
https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2020-06/wsu-npi062620.php
"Archaeologists Don't Always Need to Dig—They've Got Drones"
https://www.wired.com/story/archaeologists-dont-always-need-to-digtheyve-got-drones/
"Drones Transform Archaeology"
https://insideunmannedsystems.com/drones-transform-archaeology/
Ancient Irrigation Techniques in the US Southwest - from the Grant County Archaeology Society ( N. Mex)
"Monsoon season has arrived in the US Southwest, a good time to ponder the logistical achievements of Native tribes of the past. During the period from 600 CE - 1450 CE the Hohokam established a complex canal system that reliably harnessed scarce water sources, enabling their communities to thrive for centuries. It encompassed an area of roughly 100,000 acres within the Salt River basin in what is now the greater metropolitan area of Phoenix, Arizona. It is North America's largest prehistoric irrigation canal system.
To learn more about this vast array of archaeological features, enjoy some short videos (less than 2 minutes each) presented by the City of Phoenix in their "Ancient Waterways" series and featuring local archaeologists:"
https://www.gcasnm.org/news/2020/07/ancient-irrigation-us-sw.html
Cochise - Strong Apache Leader
https://www.legendsofamerica.com/na-cochise/
Critical Thinking Development: A Stage Theory
https://www.criticalthinking.org/resources/articles/ct-development-a-stage-theory.shtml
Medicine Wheel & the Four Directions - Legends of America
https://www.legendsofamerica.com/na-medicinewheel/
Kachinas of Puebloans - Legends of America
https://www.legendsofamerica.com/na-kachina/
The Four Southern Tribes and the Hohokam Of The Phoenix Basin
" ... The focus of this assessment is the relationship of cultural affiliation that exists between the prehistoric Hohokam and the people of the modern Four Southern Tribes: Gila River Indian Community, Salt River Pima-Maricopa Indian Community, Ak-Chin Indian Community, and Tohono O’odham Nation, with particular emphasis on the connections between the prehistoric Hohokam of the Phoenix Basin (from Gillespie Dam in the west to the Lower Tonto Basin in the east, and from Picacho in the south to the Lower Verde in the north) and the people of the Gila River Indian Community (GRIC) ... "
https://www.tempe.gov/home/showdocument?id=6431
Poland's Incredible Salt Mine
About the “Wieliczka” Salt Mine
See the priceless monument of world material culture, entered in 1978 on the First UNESCO World Heritage List.
https://www.wieliczka-saltmine.com/individual-tourist/about-the-mineUNM researchers document the first use of maize in Mesoamerica
“Unparalleled Discovery” of Ancient Skeletons Reveals First Use of Maize in Mesoamerica
"5 Discoveries You Probably Didn't Know Were Made in Arizona"
9 Most Powerful Medicinal Plants and Herbs, backed by Science
https://www.healthline.com/health/most-powerful-medicinal-plants
"Essential knots: how to tie the 20 knots you need to know" by Popular Science
Indigenous Archaeologist Mary Weahkee Makes Mogollon Sandals from Yucca
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sCN6S8wZPGE
5 Mysterious Ancient Cities That Were Built UNDERGROUND
https://www.beyondsciencetv.com/2018/06/12/5-mysterious-ancient-cities-that-were-built-underground/
Prickly Pear Cactus by DesertUSA
https://www.desertusa.com/cactus/prickly-pear-cactus.html
"How to Start a Fire with Sticks" by John Yost of Yost Survival Skills
http://yostsurvivalskills.com/how-start-fire-with-sticks/
"The Food That Could Last 2,000 Years"
https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20200330-which-foods-are-best-to-eat-after-the-apocalypse
"Childern are doing archaeology and becoming experts who enrich whole communities"
Petrified Opal Tree Situated In Arizona Its About 225 Million Years Old
" Long Before Tex-Mex, a 15,000-Year-Old Cuisine Left Its Mark"
https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/texas-mexican-food
"20 Sad Facts Behind America's Abandoned Truck Stops"
https://www.thethings.com/sad-facts-behind-americas-abandoned-truck-stops/
"Daring Darlings: 6 Stunt Women You Ought to Know"
http://www.antiquearchaeology.com/blog/daring-darlings-6-stunt-women-you-ought-to-know/
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Chapter Officers
2020 Office | Office Holder | Contact Information |
President | Marie Britton | |
Vice-President | open | xxx@xxx.xxx xxxx |
Treasurer | Jim Britton | |
Secretary | Maggie Dawley | |
Director1/Program Director | Carlos Acuna | chickenrancher@earthlink.net |
Director2/ | Marie Renner | |
Director3/Archivist | Keith Johanson | wildflowerboy@gmail.com |
Membership | Marie Britton | |
Archaeological Advisor | Chris Loendorf |
ARIZONA ARCHAEOLOGY ON WEB AND SOCIAL MEDIA
https://www.archaeological-analytics.com/arizona-archaeology-on-web-and-social-media
*** Event Tentatively Rescheduled For MARCH 2022 ***
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HOSTED BY THE AAS SAN TAN CHAPTER of Queen Creek, Az : if you would like to participate/volunteer please contact San Tan Chapter President Marie Britton at mbrit@cox.net
WHEN : MARCH 28, 2020
TIME : 10 AM - 2 PM
1 PM TO 2 PM GUEST SPEAKER DR. JAY FRANKLIN OF ECOPLAN WILL PRESENT:
"Hohokam and Salado Archaeology Along US 60 Near Superior, Arizona"
WHERE : SAN TAN HISTORICAL MUSEUM - QUEEN CREEK ,ARIZONA
TABLES and DEMONSTRATIONS
1) ANCIENT SKILLS AND TOOLS DEMONSTRATION BY "STUDY OF ANCIENT LIFEWAYS AND TECHNOLOGIES" (S.A.L.T.) https://saltskills.com/ The Primitive Knife below made by Ron M. of S.A.L.T. The cordage comes from the Agave Plant and the knife holder is from the Saguaro Cactus plant. The blade is from Elk bone.
a) How to Start a Fire with Your Bare Hands: video by Dr. Bill Shindler Washington College
https://www.wired.com/video/watch/primitive-technology-fire
b) How to Make Stone Tools: video by Dr. Bill Shindler Washington College
https://www.wired.com/video/watch/how-to-make-stone-tools
2)MAKE YOUR OWN MINIATURE ADOBE BRICK LED BY JIM BRITTON AAS AVOCATIONAL ARCHAEOLOGIST AWARD RECIPIENT IN 2016
How to make mud bricks, and why you might want to by Austin Bailey
https://www.heifer.org/blog/how-to-make-mud-bricks-and-why-you-might-want-to.html
3)MAKE YOUR OWN PETROGLYPH/PICTOGLYPH HOSTED BY THE SAN TAN CHAPTER AAS
Best Places to see Rock Art in Arizona by Tim Hull
https://www.moon.com/travel/arts-culture/rock-art-arizona/
4) ARIZONA SITE STEWARD PROGRAM
To promote the monitoring and preservation of cultural resources
https://azstateparks.com/arizona-site-stewards-volunteer-program/
5) SAN TAN MOUNTAIN REGIONAL PARK - Nikki Bunnel, Park Ranger
6) FLINT KNAPPING - Don Raker
Knapping is the shaping of flint, chert, obsidian or other conchoidal fracturing stone through the process of lithic reduction to manufacture stone tools, strikers for flintlock firearms, or to produce flat-faced stones for building or facing walls, and flushwork decoration. -- from Wikipedia
Obsidian-Sourcing-Brief by the National Park Service
https://www.nps.gov/sagu/learn/historyculture/upload/Obsidian-Sourcing-Brief.pdf
7) POTTERY DEMONSTRATION - GLENN DOTSON
Traditional Southwest Pottery
https://www.andywardpottery.com/category/pottery/
8) Archaeological Presentation by Dr. Jay D. Franklin Director of Cultural Resources of ECOPLAN
Presentation: Hohokam and Salado Archaeology Along US 60
Abstract
... an overview of archaeological investigations by EcoPlan Associates, Inc. for ADOT along a four mile stretch of US 60 just east of Superior. I will briefly discuss overall project chronology, culture history, and results of several kinds of analyses with particular attention to the pottery found. Previous work west of this area revealed mostly Hohokam sites. During this project we found both Hohokam and Salado sites – sometimes at the same location. We have the opportunity to examine the transition from the late pre-Classic to Classic periods (AD 900 – 1450) here along Queen Creek and to examine the social environments and interaction spheres of Hohokam and Salado populations in the early Classic Period. This work provides new information on the upper Queen Creek corridor between the more intensely investigated Phoenix Basin and Tonto Basin/Globe Highlands.
Jay Franklin is Director of Cultural Resources and a Principal Investigator for EcoPlan Associates, Inc. headquartered in Mesa, Arizona. Franklin works in EcoPlan’s Tucson office. He was
awarded his PhD in Anthropology at the University of Tennessee in 2002. His primary research interests include prehistoric hunter gatherers, cave and rock art, and prehistoric stone tools and pottery. Franklin has more than 26 years of experience in archaeology and cultural resource management. He is certified by the Arizona State Museum as a principal investigator and project director. His archaeological experience spans the southeastern United States, Missouri, North Dakota, Texas, Arizona, and France. He has worked extensively in academia and cultural resource management to design and conduct large and small projects from archaeological surveys to large excavation projects. Franklin has been a professor, archaeology director, project manager. He taught courses in introductory archaeology, human osteology and paleontology, Native American cultures, prehistoric stone tool technologies, Paleolithic archaeology, cultural resource management, archaeological curation, and archaeological ceramics, among others, at East Tennessee State University, the University of Memphis, Pellissippi State Technical Community College, and the University of Tennessee. Franklin’s research has been presented at professional conferences and published in several leading archaeological and scientific journals from state to international levels.
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LOVE HISTORY?
LIKE TO LEARN MORE?
Join one of our meetings for a closer look at:
San Tan Chapter of the Arizona Archaeological Society
Learn about Arizona Prehistory!
Meet Professional Archaeologists! Participate in field trips and classes
Meetings are free and open to the public
The Second Wednesday of each month
September through May, meetings start at 7 p.m.
We meet at the San Tan Historical Society Museum
(The Historic Rittenhouse School)
Southeast Corner of Ellsworth and Queen Creek Roads
Source : Imagery (C) 2017 DigitalGlobe U.S. Geological Survey USDA Farm Service Agency. Map data (C) 2017 Google United States
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SE AZ Culture Periods SW Agricultural Cultures ASM SW Cultural AZ 5 Prehistoric Cultures Pueblo Periods
Quick Content Links:
Get Out and Enjoy/Experience Arizona
ARIZONA'S NATIVE AMERICANS
ARIZONA'S TIMELINE IN PARALLEL WITH THE REST OF THE WORLD (from ED407285.pdf https://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED407285)
"The prehistory of southern Arizona did not exist in a vacuum. Events were happening all over the world at the same time things were going on here. This will give you some idea of the many events that happened during prehistoric times, from about 12,000 B.C. to A.D. 1540.
15,000-12,000 B.C.: People throughout the northern hemisphere hunted mammoth and other large animals. People crossed over the Bering Land Bridge. Mammoths, ground sloths, and dire wolves roamed through the Southwest.
10,000 B.C.: People in Turkey began to grow wheat. The Paleo-Indian big game hunters moved south and moved into the Southwest.
8,000 B.C.: The Ice Age ended, glaciers began to recede, water levels rose around the world,cutting off the Bering Land Bridge. Early farming and town life began in the eastern Mediterranean. Pa leo-Indians hunted big game on the Great Plains and in the Southwest. In the area that is now California, Nevada, and Utah, people began to gather plant foods and hunt smaller game the Archaic culture began.
7,000 to 6,000 B.C.: Around the world, the climate fluctuated a lot; droughts and floods, long,cold winters and hot summers caused problems for plants and animals. Mammoths, sloths, dire wolves, and other animals became extinct. Farming began in Egypt and Greece and cattle, goats,pigs, and sheep were domesticated. The land bridge between Great Britain and France was cutoff, making Great Britain an island. Farming began in South America and possibly in Mexico.The Archaic culture began in the Southwest.
6,000 to 3,000 B.C.: Farming spread as far north as the Netherlands. Horses were domesticated. In Mesopotamia, writing was developed and the first cities were built. Farming began in China. Llamas were domesticated in South America.
3,000-2,000 B.C.: The Sumerians invented cuneiform writing. Hieroglyphics were developed in Egypt. Judaism began. People in the Middle East and India began to work with metal. Village life began in Mexico and Central and South America.
1,000 B.C.-500 B.C.: The great cultures of the Mediterranean and Middle East flourished. Wars became large-scale and mass migrations occurred. Phoenicians developed an alphabet. The Aryan culture was at its peak in India. Buddhism was founded in India. Dynasties ruled feudal towns in China. The Olmec culture arose in Mexico. Corn and bottle gourds were brought into the U.S. Southwest, and people began to farm.
500 B.C.-A.D. 0: Greek culture flourished. Alexander the Great conquered large amounts of territory in the Middle East. Wars were common in the Mediterranean and the Middle East. The caste system developed in India. The Great Wall of China was built. The town of Teotihuacan,in the Valley of Mexico, was built. People in southern Arizona began to live in villages.
A.D. 0-300: Christianity originated and spread. Rome ruled the Mediterranean and Europe.Buddhism was introduced to China. The Nazca culture flourished in Peru. Villages developed in Maya country. The Hopewell culture (mound builders) began along the Mississippi. People in the American Southwest began making pottery. The Hohokam, Mogollon, and Anasazi cultures began.
A.D. 300-700: Islam began. Rome was destroyed by Vandals. The black plague spread through Europe. Gunpowder was invented in China. The Hohokam culture spread through the Sonoran Desert region.
A.D. 700-900: The Dark Ages began in Europe. The Arabs were in control of land from Portugal to China. Charlemagne lived. The Vikings attacked much of northern Europe. Mayan civilization flourished in Central America. Effigy mounds were built in the Ohio and Mississippi River valleys. The Anasazi began to build above-ground structures. Ball courts were built throughout the Hohokam region.
A.D. 900-1000: The Holy Roman Empire was founded. Mayan civilization collapsed. The Anasazi built the pueblos in Chaco Canyon. The Hohokam started to build platform mounds.
A.D. 1000-1100: The Crusades began. Leif Erickson went to Vinland, which was in eastern North America. William the Conquerer invaded England. Sunset Crater near Flagstaff erupted several times.
A.D. 1100-1300: Marco Polo traveled throughout Asia. The Mongols attacked Europe. Many European cathedrals were built and several universities were founded. The Crusades ended.Temple mounds were built in the Mississippi and Ohio River valleys. People on the Plains lived in villages and farmed. Chaco Canyon was abandoned. Cliff dwellings and pueblos were built throughout the Southwest by Anasazi and Mogollon peoples. The Hohokam began to build villages with compounds.
A.D. 1300-1539: The European Renaissance occurred. The Europeans began exploring the world, in search of riches. The ancestors of the Apaches moved south onto the Plains, and theUtes became an identifiable group in the Great Basin. The Anasazi and Mogollon (now known as Western Pueblo) congregated in villages on the Hopi Mesas, at Zuni, and in the Rio Grande Valley. The Hohokam culture "disappeared." Columbus "discovered" America. Hernan Cortez and his army conquered the Aztecs in Mexico. Francisco Pizarro and his army invaded Peru and conquered the Incas. The Spanish started to make slave raids into northern Mexico.
A.D. 1539-1540: Prehistory ended when Marcos de Niza, Estevan, and Coronado entered the United States Southwest."
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Arizona | MesoAmerica | The Old World |
Circa 10,000 BCE spear and large projectile points being used | ||
Prehistoric Paleo Inhabitants of Arizona | ||
Circa 7,000 BCE | ||
Agriculture Emerges | ||
Circa 3,000 BCE | ||
Ancient Egypt Begins | ||
Circa 2,770 BCE | ||
Great Pyramid of Giza Construction begins | ||
Circa 2,000 BCE | ||
Cochise Man begins farming primitive corn | ||
Circa 1,700 BCE | ||
Construction of Stonehenge begins | ||
Circa 1,500 BCE | ||
Origin of Olmec & Mayans | ||
Circa 1,200 BCE | ||
The Anasazi come to the Four Corners area | City of Troy falls to the Greek Army |
|
Circa 500 BCE | ||
Roman Republic Founded | ||
Circa 400 BCE | ||
Epic Olmec Culture | ||
Circa 300 BCE | ||
Hohokam settle in southern Arizona | ||
Circa 10,000 BCE (Before Common Era) | ||
Basketmaker Period: pottery starts to show up, bow & arrow introduced | ||
Circa 100 CE | ||
Teotihuacan Apogee | ||
Circa 250 CE | ||
Mayan Empire Apogee | ||
Circa 300 CE | ||
Hohokam engineers design and help built irrigation canals | ||
Circa 410 CE | ||
Roman Empire Invaded | ||
Circa 476 CE | ||
Roman Empire Falls | ||
Circa 500 CE | ||
The Sinagua farm near San Francisco Peaks | ||
Circa 700 CE | ||
Anasazi Culture starts to evolve into Pueblo Period w/complex structures & ceremonial chambers |
||
Circa 1044 CE | ||
China Invents Gunpowder | ||
Circa 1064 CE | ||
A volcanic eruption in Flagstaff creates what is now called Sunset Crater |
||
Circa 1096 CE | ||
Crusades Start | ||
Circa 1100-1500 CE | ||
Navajo and Apache arrive | ||
Circa 1115 CE | ||
Mexicas leave Aztlan | ||
Circa 1276-1299 CE | ||
Great drought in Arizona | ||
Circa 1300 CE | ||
Casa Grande is built near the Gila River | Black Plague Eurasia | |
Circa 1325 CE | ||
Tenochtitlan Founded | ||
Circa 1400 CE | ||
Cultural decline of pre-historic groups, Hohokam culture disappears |
||
Circa 1440 CE | ||
Gutenberg Press Invented | ||
Circa 1492 CE | ||
Columbus Arrives | ||
500 CE (Common Era) |
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GET OUT AND EXPERIENCE ARIZONA:
Archaeological Parks and Prehistoric Native American Ruins of Central Arizona
https://www.ajpl.org/wp/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/Arch-20171114.pdf
Platform Mounds of the Arizona Desert
https://www.penn.museum/documents/publications/expedition/PDFs/35-1/Rice.pdf
Tonto Basin
https://www.archaeologysouthwest.org/pdf/Jacobs-Tonto-Basin.pdf
Passport in Time -- http://www.passportintime.com/
Caretaking Kentucky Camp Arizona Coronado N.F.
"The goal of PIT is to preserve the nation's past with the help of the public. As a PIT volunteer, you contribute to vital environmental and historical research on public lands. Your participation helps us not only to protect and conserve the sites, memories, and objects that chronicle our collective past, but also to understand the human story in North America and ensure that story is told to our children and grandchildren. We cannot do it without you!"
Will Reed
PIT National Coordinator
US Forest Service
These 12 Unbelievable Ruins In Arizona Will Transport You To The Past --- compiled by Monica Spencer
http://www.onlyinyourstate.com/arizona/az-ruins/
These 12 Trails In Arizona Will Lead You To Extraordinary Ancient Ruins --- compiled by Monica Spencer
http://www.onlyinyourstate.com/arizona/az-ruins-hiking-trails/
Archaeology for the public from the SOCIETY FOR AMERICAN ARCHAEOLOGY (SAA):
Visit the SAA web site for information on Archaeology:
Methods of Gathering Data
The methods used by archaeologists to gather data can be applied to any time period, including the very recent past. One archaeologist in the U.S. has become known for his study of the garbage discarded by the people of Tuscon, Arizona in the 1970s! This “garbology” project proved that even recent artifacts can reveal a lot about the people who used and discarded them.
Over the past 150 years archaeologists have developed many effective methods and techniques for studying the past. Archaeologists also rely upon methods from other fields such as history, botany, geology, and soil science.
In this section of Methods of Gathering Data you will learn how archaeologists gather and analyze information by utilizing historical research techniques, field methods for data recovery, and laboratory analyses.
"
Links available from the SAA web site:
" Archaeology for Kids Online "
" Ancient Egypt "
" Maya Adventure "
Archaeology for Kids
https://www.ducksters.com/history/aztec_maya_inca.php
https://archaeology.mrdonn.org/stone_bronze_ironage.html
"With the signing of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo in 1848 the United States became responsible for the administration of some 125,000 Indians in addition to those already within the national boundaries. The new tribes included many peoples known only to traders and trappers who had ventured into the trackless stretches of the West. This book considers the hundred-year record of federal relations with these Indians.
The first two decades of United States control are seen as a period of large-scale humanitarian purpose, flawed in many cases by racial prejudice, official corruption, or outright cruelty and abuse. New policies, under Ulysses S. Grant, and an awakening of public conscience in the 1870s and 1880s brought a second major period, characterized by the system of reservations.
Later chapters of the book deal with twentieth-century changes, particularly with agents, schools, and medical services, all carefully analyzed by the author, who was a member of the Meriam Commission in 1926–27. The record reveals in realistic detail the problems of the government and the tenacity of the tribes in resisting white settlement and retaining their own culture and way of life."